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Top That!
Alternatives to Asphalt Shingles
by Sara Freund

A shield against the elements that rises above the treetops in multiple shades of man-made color, the roof is the crowning glory of any home. Although asphalt shingles have long been the default in roofing materials because of their versatility and adaptability, their popularity should not overshadow other stylish and practical choices in roofing. Your options are nearly endless when picking a roof material that is strong enough to protect the precious contents of your home.

So what criteria should you use to select roofing materials that meet your basic needs?

First, choose a material that is durable and can withstand extreme weather conditions, including intense sun, snow, hail, wind and ice. Look for roofing supply manufacturers that offer long-term warranties on their products. This is one way to ensure you make the best investment with your money.

Secondly, consider materials that are compatible with your home's roof style. Heavy concrete and stone may be impractical for steeply pitched gables, because they require added reinforcements that are costly and labor intensive. Likewise, a low-pitched roof covered with cedar shingles may be prone to retaining water and developing algae, or in dry climates, prone to splitting under intense heat.

Next, select roofing materials attractive enough to top off a great design. Complement your home with your choice of roofing materials—most are available in a wide range of colors and styles.

Finally, you may want to consider roofing materials that protect the environment and help conserve energy, including the physical labor required to secure the roof. Anything that conserves resources may also save you time and money in the long run.

To get you started, here's a basic run-down of the types of materials available:

Back-to-Basics

Asphalt
Traditional asphalt shingles are popular for their waterproofing capabilities. Asphalt, which is a petroleum product, keeps rain and ice from penetrating through the shingles, but over time, the oils that contribute to pliability and ductility are washed away by rain. As asphalt shingles age, they have a tendency to curl and harden, but are chosen nonetheless for their durability throughout most weather conditions.

Cedar
Cedar shingles and shakes are among the most attractive natural options for roofing. Because they are wood, they are versatile enough for any climate, adjusting easily to heat, humidity, wind, rain and ice, and, according to the USDA Forest Service, offering better insulation than any wood substitute. Cedar will age and wear away if not properly treated ahead of time, but because it is a renewable resource, it is readily available and perfect for composting. The difference between shakes and shingles is basic: shakes are cut thicker than shingles. Both taper at the ends for proper layering.
Cedar shingles offer better insulation than any wood substitute.


From the Ground Up
Slate
Stone slates are commonly found in Europe, gracing homes and estates that have stood for centuries. Stone slates are considered one of the most durable and most re-usable roof materials, making them cost-effective when purchased locally. Unfortunately, they are most often manufactured outside the United States. Stone slates are also heavy roof coverings, but some manufacturers sell lightweight slates that give the look of authentic stone. Slate shingles offer a traditional, rustic European look and are effective insulators and weather barriers.

Tile
Roofing tiles are available in concrete and clay, and can be rounded or flat. Clay tiles are an exceptional choice for warm climates. Not only are they fireproof, they will not lose their natural pigment under the intense rays of the sun. Concrete tiles are heavy and may require some additional roof reinforcements, but they offer durability and solid protection against rough weather.

Innovative Metals
Aluminum
Common in commercial roofing, aluminum shingles are ideal for warm climates because they reflect 95 percent of radiant heat striking the roof. This means that homes are kept cool from the sun's rays during the summer and retain interior warmth in the winter. Painted aluminum shingles are nearly as effective in reflecting heat rays, plus they can soften the industrial look of metal. Also, these shingles are flame resistant and can reduce the threat of fire to your home.

Copper
Said to improve with age, copper undergoes what is called the "patina process," which protects it from further oxidation. In the process, the roof takes on a light green look, something to be aware of when deciding on exterior paint colors. Copper will not dry out like asphalt or crack like wood, and it does not require additional reinforcements as do heavy tiles and stone slates. Copper is also recyclable and is effective in resisting the growth of algae on roofs.

Steel
Possessing the durability of concrete with only a sixth of the weight, steel is a good option for homes built in areas prone to natural disasters because it can withstand hail, high winds and even earthquakes. Although prone to rusting, steel shingles are treatable, and often come with a long-term warranty.

Building a home can be daunting at best, but when choosing patterns, styles and colors, don't underestimate the importance of selecting exterior materials that will protect your home and look great for years to come. Nothing tops a beautiful design better than a beautiful roof.

Roofers and Shakers: Where to Go for More Information
Single-Ply Roofing Institute
Cedar Shake and Shingle Bureau
Stone Roofing Association
Canada Specialty Products
CertainTeed™
U.S. Tile
Zappone™ Copper Shingles